The Ankara Declaration marks Türkiye’s diplomatic success in mediating tensions between Ethiopia and Somalia concerning the Ethiopia-Somaliland dispute. The agreement addresses key issues, including Ethiopian troop presence in Somalia and Somaliland’s quest for recognition. Despite ongoing regional instability and external pressures, this declaration enhances Türkiye’s influence while presenting a framework for cooperation.
The Ankara Declaration represents a significant diplomatic achievement for Türkiye in the context of the ongoing Ethiopia-Somaliland dispute, which has contributed to regional instability in the Horn of Africa. On December 11, Türkiye facilitated the agreement between Ethiopia and Somalia, aiming to address contentious issues, notably the presence of Ethiopian troops in Somalia and Somaliland’s aspiration for international recognition. This declaration not only strives to stabilize the region but also enhances Türkiye’s influence and strategic positioning within it.
The situation escalated when Ethiopia formalized a deal with Somaliland on January 1, 2024, granting it diplomatic recognition in exchange for access to crucial trade routes, particularly the Berbera port. This agreement, however, posed a threat to Somalia’s sovereignty and triggered a series of retaliatory actions from Somalia and its allies, including Egypt, which formed an anti-Ethiopian alliance. The tensions raised the specter of conflict reminiscent of Cold War-era proxy wars.
As these regional dynamics unfolded, the potential recognition of Somaliland by the United States under the incoming Trump administration added another layer of complexity. With Somaliland’s recent democratic elections, support for its independence appeared to be gaining traction. Furthermore, Somaliland’s relationship with Taiwan has strained its ties with China, which has pledged to uphold Somalia’s claim over Somaliland.
Despite the initial discord, the Ankara Declaration symbolizes a potential pathway to appease both parties. It has created an environment in which Ethiopian forces can remain in Somalia and has facilitated negotiations concerning port access – a crucial element considering Ethiopia’s need for a maritime route. Meanwhile, the Biden administration has endorsed this Türkiye-brokered agreement, emphasizing the need for cooperation based on mutual interests and respect for sovereignty.
Ultimately, while challenges remain concerning Ethiopia’s relations with Somaliland, the agreement marks a pivotal step towards stabilizing the Horn of Africa. Türkiye’s role in promoting peace through the Ankara Declaration may redefine its diplomatic clout on the continent, positioning it as a central player in African geopolitics. The success of this endeavor may also encourage Türkiye to further deepen its engagement in the region.
The Horn of Africa has been fraught with geopolitical tensions, particularly concerning the Ethiopia-Somaliland dispute. Following Ethiopia’s concession to recognize Somaliland in exchange for access to strategic maritime routes, Somalia’s reaction indicated a readiness to defend its territorial integrity. Ongoing external influences, including potential U.S. recognition of Somaliland, complicate the political landscape. As regional powers navigate their interests, Türkiye’s involvement through diplomacy offers a glimmer of hope for stability amidst this volatile backdrop.
In conclusion, the Ankara Declaration signifies a noteworthy diplomatic success for Türkiye and a potential turning point for the Horn of Africa. By enabling dialogue between Ethiopia and Somalia, this agreement may alleviate ongoing tensions and foster stability, showcasing Türkiye’s growing influence in the region. As both countries strive for a mutually beneficial resolution amidst competing external pressures, the success of this initiative will be critical to maintaining peace and cooperation in the region.
Original Source: www.orfonline.org
