La Rinconada, located in the Puno region of Peru, is the highest inhabited city in the world, at an elevation of 5,000 to 5,300 meters. It has a population of about 12,600 residents and primarily relies on artisanal gold mining for economic sustenance. High-altitude living poses significant health risks, compounded by poor sanitary conditions. Other notable high-altitude cities in Peru include Cerro de Pasco and Junin.
Peru is not only known for the Amazon River and Lake Titicaca but also for housing the highest inhabited city in the world, La Rinconada. Located in the Puno region within the Ananea district, La Rinconada sits at an impressive elevation of approximately 5,000 to 5,300 meters above sea level. The city, which holds a population of about 12,600 residents, is characterized by its rugged terrain and harsh climate, experiencing extremely low average temperatures and significant seasonal snowfall.
Emerging in the 1990s, La Rinconada’s economy is predominantly driven by artisanal and informal gold mining. The population historically surged with the rise in gold prices, peaking at nearly 30,000 inhabitants between 2001 and 2009. However, fluctuations in the gold market have since decreased the population significantly, as evidenced by the 2017 National Census data.
Residing at such a high altitude presents severe health risks, as oxygen levels are substantially lower than at sea level. Residents experience chronic altitude sickness, termed Monge’s disease, and the inadequate basic services coupled with mining pollution have detrimental effects on their overall health and quality of life.
Other notable high-altitude cities in Peru include Cerro de Pasco at 4,380 meters with around 66,860 inhabitants, and Junin at 4,105 meters with a population of approximately 10,000. Additional high-altitude cities mentioned are Yauri, Yanaoca, Ayaviri, Lampa, Ilave, Azangaro, Juli, Yunguyo, Juliaca, and Puno, showcasing the extensive range of high-elevation settlements in the region.
In conclusion, La Rinconada stands as the highest inhabited city globally, reflecting the unique challenges and opportunities presented by its extreme altitude. The economic reliance on gold mining influences demographic shifts, while health risks persist due to limited services and harsh living conditions. Other high-altitude cities in Peru further illustrate the remarkable geographical diversity of the region.
Original Source: andina.pe
