Climate change is expected to reduce the total number of avalanches in Switzerland by 2100, but wet snow avalanches may occur more frequently, especially above the tree line. Rising winter temperatures could lead to fewer avalanches reaching valleys, though extreme weather events could still trigger significant avalanches at higher altitudes. Snow safety measures may need to adjust in response to these changes.
Climate change is projected to considerably alter avalanche behavior in Switzerland by the year 2100. Measurements indicate that while the overall number of avalanches may diminish, the frequency of wet snow avalanches is anticipated to rise significantly in areas above the tree line. This trend is largely attributed to rising winter temperatures, which are expected to increase by approximately five degrees Celsius. Consequently, the likelihood of avalanches reaching valley locations will decrease, albeit extreme snowfall events may still occur concurrently with larger avalanches at elevated altitudes. Such avalanches may travel through channels and could reach the valleys similarly as in the present day. The study conducted by the WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research evaluated the impact of climate change on avalanche activity at various Swiss locations, including Weissfluhjoch and Zermatt.
The effects of climate change on snow and avalanche patterns are a growing concern for Alpine regions, including Switzerland. As temperatures rise, researchers are increasingly focused on understanding how these changes will affect natural phenomena such as avalanches. Wet snow avalanches pose specific hazards due to their tendency to occur when the snowpack becomes saturated from melting processes or rainfall. Understanding these shifts is critical for ensuring public safety and managing ski resorts in danger zones.
In conclusion, while Switzerland may experience a decline in the total number of avalanches due to warming temperatures, the risk of wet snow avalanches is projected to escalate, necessitating proactive measures to ensure safety in vulnerable areas. The insights from this research underscore the importance of adapting to changing climatic conditions and highlight the potential need for closures of ski resorts in identified danger zones.
Original Source: www.swissinfo.ch
